Tag: TSLA

8 Ways to Trade Tesla Stock Using ETFs (and without using options)

by Fred Fuld III

2 minute read time

Did you know that there are eight different ways to trade Tesla (TSLA) using ETFs, and without using options?

That’s right. In addition to just buying and shorting the Tesla stock, there are other ways to speculate on the price of Tesla.

These ETFs are especially useful for those who do not want to trade options or are not eligible to trade options. These are also beneficial to traders who want to short TSLA in their IRA account (in which shorting is prohibited).

So what are the alternatives?

Here’s an overview of the Tesla ETFs, all of which track Tesla (TSLA) with varying leverage or inverse positions:

  1. AXS TSLA Bear Daily ETF(TSLQ): This fund provides 2x inverse (-200%) exposure to Tesla’s daily performance. It is a short-term tool for sophisticated investors who want to profit from Tesla’s price decline. It carries a 1.15% expense ratio, and due to its high volatility (361.41% over 5 days), it’s intended for daily rebalancing​(GraniteShares)​.
  2. YieldMax TSLA Option Income Strategy ETF (TSLY): This ETF seeks to generate monthly income by selling covered call options on Tesla stock. It is an income-focused strategy rather than a leveraged or inverse play​(ETFdb).
  3. Direxion Daily TSLA Bull 2X ETF (TSLL): This fund offers 2x the daily performance of Tesla’s stock. Like other leveraged ETFs, it’s designed for short-term traders and rebalances daily. It carries a higher risk due to its leverage​(ETFdb).
  4. GraniteShares 1.5X Short TSLA Daily ETF (TSDD): Aims to deliver 1.5x inverse (-150%) of Tesla’s daily returns. This is a tool for shorting Tesla’s price moves with moderate leverage​(GraniteShares).
  5. GraniteShares 1.75X Long TSLA ETF (TSLR): This ETF targets 1.75x the daily performance of Tesla’s stock, providing bullish investors with leveraged exposure​(GraniteShares).
  6. T Rex 2X Inverse TSLA Daily Target ETF (TSLZ): Offers 2x inverse (-200%) exposure, designed to short Tesla’s price movements on a daily basis. It’s useful for those expecting Tesla’s stock to decline​(GraniteShares).
  7. T Rex 2X Long TSLA Daily Target ETF (TSLT): A bullish play offering 2x Tesla’s daily performance, similar to TSLL but with slightly different mechanics​(GraniteShares).
  8. GraniteShares 1.25X TSLA Daily ETF (TSL): Provides 1.25x exposure to Tesla’s daily performance, allowing for moderate bullish leverage​(ETFdb).

Keep in mind, these ETFs are complex and carry high risks, especially the leveraged and inverse funds, which are typically used for short-term trading strategies rather than long-term investments.

Disclosure: Author has a small long position in TSLA. (Small means way less than 100 shares.)

A Dozen Ways to Survive a Bear Market

by Fred Fuld III

It looks like we may be at the beginning of a bear market. If you want to profit from falling markets stock prices, there are several ways to do so.

Many strategies are available to profit from a bear market and a stock market crash, some of which are speculative, and some that don’t have much risk. It doesn’t matter what your account size is, there are ways to protect yourself, and even profit on the downside. Here are some of those techniques.

1. Sell a Vertical Call Option Spread

This strategy is a little complicated, but I listed it first, because it is one of the least risky, since your losses are limited, unlike many of the other techniques listed here. In addition, I listed it at the beginning, because I use this trading technique all the time.

If you are familiar with options, then selling a vertical call spread is a great way to make money when a stock drops while protecting yourself if the stock goes up. (This happens to be my favorite strategy.)

This involves shorting an out of the money call option and buying a further out of the money call option at the same time. If the stock drops or stays the same, you make money from the short call which exceeds the loss on the long call. If the stock goes up to the strike price of the short call, you still make a profit. It is only when the stock rises above the strike price of the short call that you begin losing money.

To make it simple, here is an example:

Stock is at 50

Sell (short)  one call with a strike price of 51 for 3 (an option that is trading at 3 means $300)

Buy one call with a strike price of 52 for 1 ($100)

If the stock drops to 45, the 51 call drops to $0 and you make $300 because you shorted it, and the 52 call drops to $0 losing $100 because you own or were long it, netting you a profit of $200.

If the stock rises from 50 to 100, you lose $4900 on the 51 call that you shorted, but you make $4800 on the one that you bought, so you only lose $100.

Generally, you want to use options that expire in 40 to 60 days, and close out your position in 15 to 25 days.

Disadvantages of the selling a vertical call spread
  • Your profit is limited
  • You need approval from your broker to do option spreads
  • Both legs of the spread need to be placed simultaneously (easy to do with most trading platforms)
  • May need to wait 25 or 30 days to see a profit

2. Shorting Stocks

This is one of the most speculative ways of making money in a bear market. In simple terms, you make money when the stock goes down and you lose money when the stock goes up. What technically happens is that you borrow the shares and immediately sell them (this all is done electronically through your brokerage firm) and since you owe those shares, you eventually have to buy them back at some price, hopefully a lower price, in order to return those shares. The difference between your sale price and eventual purchase price is your profit (or loss, if you buy back at a higher price).

Can you make a lot of money shorting stocks in a bear market? Yes. Is it speculative? Very. Can you lose a lot? Most definitely. This is why it is so risky. When you short a stock, the lowest point it can drop to is zero. Whereas, if the stock goes up, the amount it can rise is unlimited. Let’s say you short 100 shares of a stock at $20 a share. If you put up funds equal to 100% of the value of the shorted amount, and the stock drops to zero, you’ve made a 100% return. However, suppose the stock goes from 20 to 100, you end up losing 400% of your money with lots of margin calls along the way. This is called a short squeeze. But even on a short term basis, an investor can lose money very fast.

Unfortunately for those who do their trading in retirement accounts, such as IRAs, shorting stocks is not allowed.

So in summery, do I think you should short stocks? Absolutely not, unless you are a professional trader. The risk is almost infinite. If you understand options real well, hedged short selling might be OK (see the next strategy), as long as you are an advanced trader, and know what you’re doing.

3. Hedged Short Selling

Hedged short selling is a strategy whereby you short a stock and at the same time, you buy a close-to-the-money call option. That way, if the stock shoots up, you are protected with the call option. If the stock drops, you will lose what you paid for the option, but you will make money on your short stock position.

Example: you short 100 shares of a stock that is currently trading at 50 (so you short $5000 in stock), and you buy a call option with a strike price of 52 for 1 ($100).

The stock goes to 40. You make $1000 from the stock dropping from 50 to 40, and you lose the $100 you paid for the call option, with a net profit of $900.

The stock stays the same at 50. You don’t make any money on the short sale fo the stock and you lose $100 on the call option for a net loss of $100.

The stock goes up to 60. You lose $1000 on the short stock, but the value of the call option will increase from 1 to 10 ($100 to $1000), netting $900 on the difference, for an overall loss of $100.

In other words, in the example above, you can only lose $100, if the stock stays the same or goes up, but if the stock drops, the profit can be substantial.

Actually, to be more accurate, if the stock goes to 51 and stays there, you will lose $100 on the short stock sale and $100 on the call option, for a total maximum loss of $200. Even still, it may be worth the small loss in case you are wrong about a bear market.

Disadvantages of the hedged short selling
  • You need approval from your broker to short stock and buy options
  • Both positions should be placed simultaneously (easy to do with most trading platforms)

4. Short (Bearish) ETFs

The Exchange Traded Fund known as the Bearish ETF or Short ETF is another option. What these ETFs do is provide a return opposite to the return of the index, sector, or industry that it is tracking.

For example, the Short Dow30 ProShares (DOG) provides a return that is the inverse of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. If the Dow goes down 2%, the DOG is expected to up 2%. The Short QQQ ProShares (PSQ) ETF gives a return that is the inverse of the NASDAQ 100 Index.

The nice thing about these short ETFs is that your losses are limited. Also, if you are long individual stocks that you don’t want to sell, these can be good for protecting your overall portfolio on the downside.

5. Leveraged Bearish ETFs

If you like volatility, you will love the leveraged bearish ETFs. What these ETFs do is provide double, and in some cases triple the inverse return of indices.Some examples include the UltraShort Consumer Services ProShares (SCC) and the ProShares UltraShort S&P S&P 500 (SDS).

In addition there are several triple leveraged bearish ETFs. Direxion Daily MCSI Real Estate Bear 3X Shares (DRV), Direxion Daily Energy Bear 2X Shares (ERY), and ProShares UltraPro Short Russell 2000 (SRTY) are just a few of the many leveraged bearish ETFs.

The volatility of these ETFs is substantial, and so are the wide bid and asked spreads that I’ve seen occasionally.

The advantage of these trading vehicles is that they are a way of shorting on margin, with a limit on the downside. The disadvantage is that the losses can be quick and large, especially with the triple leverage short ETFs.

6. Bear Funds

It may be hard to believe, but there are actually a large number of bearish mutual funds for the long term bearish investors. These include the Grizzly Short Fund (GRZZX), the PIMCO StocksPlus TR Short Strategy Institutional Fund (PSTIX), and the ProFunds Bear Investors Fund (BRPIX). These funds have minimum investments ranging from $1,000 to $5,000,000.

7. Puts

First, a little about option pricing.  Puts and calls are priced on a per share basis, so a put at $1 would cost $100 for a 100 share option, or a call at $3.50 would cost $350.

A put is the option to put your stock to someone at a particular price within a certain period of time. In other words, if you own a stock that is trading at 22 and you buy a put at a dollar which gives you the right to put your stock to someone at $20 per share within three months, there are a couple of things that could happen. The stock could tank to $14 a share and you could put your stock at 20, or just resell the put for 6 (the difference between 14 and 20) and collecting the profit. You would be far better off than just doing nothing. And if the stock goes up or stays about the same, you are just out your $100 for the option. Puts can be useful for experienced traders.

8. Cash

There is another way to make money in a bear market. Sell everything, and keep your money in cash, with the safest way being a T-bill money market fund, that only owns T-bills. (Money market funds that invest in repos are supposed to be just as safe, but I consider them slightly more risky than T-bills.) The advantages are that you can’t lose money and you can receive an income from the investment.

The alternative cash investment is putting your money in a bank certificate of deposit or savings account. Your money is safe up to the FDIC limits, but the interest rate will be very low.

9. Anti ETFs (Bearish ETF of Popular Bullish ETFs)

The Anti-ETF is a new investment vehicle that has cropped up recently. The goal of these ETFs is to provide the reverse return of another popular actively managed exchange traded fund, as opposed to the bearish ETF which attempt to track the inverse of an index, like the ProShares Short S&P500 ETF (SH).

The most popular is the Tuttle Capital Short Innovation ETF (SARK), which has a goal of achieving the inverse of the return of the popular ARK Innovation ETF (ARKK) managed by Cathie Wood.

10. Anti Stocks (Bearish Single Stock ETFs)

Maybe there is a stock you want to short, but you don’t qualify for an account that allows shorting. Or maybe you want to short a stock in a retirement plan, such as an IRA. If you want to short a particular stock, such as Tesla, Nvidia, Paypal, Pfizer, or Nike (the AXS 2X NKE Bull Daily ETF (NKEL) would have been a good one today as it was down 12% today 9/30/22), there are ETFs which have a goal of returning the opposite return of a particular stock.

11. Series I Bonds

If you think the bear market will last for a year or more, Series I bonds are the way to go. These bonds never drop in value and currently pay 9.62%. Plus, they are backed by the U.S. Government. For more information on these bonds, check out the article Series I Bonds Now Paying over 9%.

12. Selling Calls Against the Stocks You Want to Hold

You may have stocks in your portfolio that you want to keep fr one reason or another, such as not wanted to take a huge capital gain. In that case, you might want to consider writing calls against those stocks.

As you can see , you have plenty of options (no pun intended) for making money and preserving your capital in a bear market. There are obviously additional risks involved with shorting stock and options, which you need to delve into with your broker before utilizing those strategies. If we are in a bear market, hopefully you can protect your portfolio and make some money on the downside.

Author does not own any of the above mentioned securities.

Stocks Owned by the Top 5 Billionaires

Forbes’ 2024 list of the world’s richest people highlights top figures from different fields. Leading the list is Bernard Arnault & family, who hold the title of the wealthiest individual globally with a net worth of $213.5 billion. Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk follow closely behind, with fortunes of $197 billion and $191 billion, respectively. Mark Zuckerberg and Larry Ellison complete the top five, boasting significant wealth from their own ventures. Below are the stocks associated with each of them.

  1. Bernard Arnault & Family- $213.5 Billion 

Louis Vuitton, part of LVMH, also known as Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton (LVMUY), is a famous luxury brand known for its high status, top-notch quality, and expert craftsmanship. Investors like it for its strong reputation and its position as a top luxury fashion brand worldwide. LVMH also shows steady sales growth in many places and is making more profit, showing it’s strong and could keep doing well. Investors like Louis Vuitton for its creativity by always coming up with new ideas. Buying Louis Vuitton stock means believing in the brand’s lasting popularity, its money stability, and its chances to grow more in the luxury market.

  • Jeff Bezos – $197.6 Billion

Investors find Amazon stock (AMZN) attractive because of its strong presence in online shopping, cloud services, and other industries. Amazon’s constant innovation, wide-reaching customer base, and well-known brand make its stock very appealing for investors. Its stable income from different sources like Amazon Web Services (AWS) and online sales suits are very appealing for both short-term and long-term investors. Positive feelings about Amazon’s financial performance, such as its cash flow and market position, add to the reasons why stock is so popular. Overall, Amazon’s reputation for growth and resilience continues to drive investor interest and support.

  • Elon Musk – $191.1 Billion

Tesla (TSLA) stands out as a top player in the electric vehicle (EV) scene, known for its creative tech and game-changing strides in eco-friendly travel. This draws in investors who see the promise of electric cars and believe in Tesla’s role in shaping the car industry of tomorrow. Plus, Tesla’s CEO, Elon Musk, is quite a character, and his big ideas earn him trust from investors. Musk dreams of making cars drive themselves and expanding Tesla’s energy-saving solutions, which excites his followers looking for big investment chances. Tesla’s got a solid fan base too, making it more than just a car company; it’s a symbol of moving forward and doing things differently.

  • Mark Zuckerberg – $155.7 Billion

Meta (META), previously Facebook, is a top social media platform with over 3 billion users worldwide, making it a great choice for investors looking to tap into the digital advertising market. Meta’s move into virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) tech, like the Oculus VR headset, shows its commitment to growing its revenue sources and staying ahead in technology. Investors also see potential in Meta’s ability to benefit from the recovering advertising market, thanks to its successful ad campaigns and efforts to keep users engaged. Overall, Meta’s long-term strategy, huge user base, and innovative tech projects make its stock an attractive option for many investors.

  • Larry Ellison – $148.5 Billion

Oracle (ORCL) is a big tech company known for its computer software and services, like databases and cloud computing. Investors like Oracle because it’s well-known for providing reliable tech solutions, which makes it a popular choice for people looking to invest in the tech industry. Oracle also grows by buying other companies, like Cerner Corporation, showing it wants to offer more and stay competitive. Plus, Oracle is doing well in cloud computing and has big clients like Zoom Video Communications, which makes investors feel good about its future growth. In general, investors buy Oracle stock because they trust it to keep coming up with new ideas, follow market trends, and make money for its shareholders in the long run.

CompanyCompany SymbolPrice to BookPEGPEPrice to SalesForward PEYield
LVMH Moët Hennessy – Louis Vuitton, Société EuropéenneLVMUY6.482.6226.084.5923.871.65%
Amazon.com, Inc.AMZN9.262.2461.943.2842.55NA
Tesla, Inc.TSLA8.342.7543.046.262.11NA
Meta Platforms, Inc.META7.521.0325.518.1922.520.45%
Oracle CorporationORCL57.291.330.936.2818.731.37%

Could some of these stocks make you a billionaire?

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Disclosure: Author owns AMZN.

Unveiling Cathie Wood’s Top Stock Picks: Insights into ARK’s Portfolio

Cathie Wood, born Catherine Duddy Wood in 1955, is a prominent American investor and the founder, CEO, and CIO of ARK Investment Management, LLC. With a career spanning over three decades, Wood has become known for her pioneering work in thematic investing strategies. Before founding ARK in 2014, she co-founded Tupelo Capital Management, a hedge fund that managed approximately $800 million in global thematic investments.

Wood’s investment philosophy revolves around identifying disruptive innovation and investing in companies at the forefront of technological advancements. She gained widespread attention for her bold investment strategies and has been dubbed by some as the “Queen of the Bull Market”. 

ARK Investment Management focuses on capturing disruptive innovation in the public equity markets, offering investment solutions such as ETFs, mutual funds, managed accounts, model portfolios, and UCITS . ARK’s investment approach combines top-down and bottom-up research to identify innovation early and capitalize on opportunities.

ARK Invest gained prominence for its active management of thematic ETFs, notably the ARK Innovation ETF (ARKK). ARKK seeks long-term growth of capital by investing in companies at the forefront of disruptive innovation. The firm’s investment strategy encompasses innovative sectors such as artificial intelligence, genomics, fintech, and autonomous technology.

Regarding specific stocks, Wood has made bold predictions regarding Tesla’s (TSLA) stock price. Expressing optimism about Tesla’s future growth potential and has set ambitious price targets. Wood and her team at ARK Invest have a long-term price target of $2,000 for Tesla’s stock. Additionally, she has suggested that Tesla could potentially be worth more than $6,000 per share by 2027. Wood’s predictions are based on her belief in Tesla’s ability to dominate the market for “robotaxis” and the company’s potential to revolutionize various industries. Despite fluctuations in Tesla’s stock price, Wood remains optimistic about its long-term prospects and continues to invest in the company.

Price to Book Ratio: 8.69

PEG Ratio: 3.85

PE Ratio: 39.70

Price to Sales Ratio: 6.62

Forward PE Ratio: 42.48

ARK has invested in UiPath Inc. (PATH), a leading enterprise automation software company. As of the latest available data, UiPath is listed among ARK’s top holdings. This investment reflects ARK’s strategy of seeking opportunities in companies driving technological advancements and innovation in various sectors. UiPath’s position in ARK’s portfolio underscores its potential for long-term growth and disruption in the automation and robotics space.

Price to Book Ratio: 6.64

PEG Ratio: NA

PE Ratio: NA

Price to Sales Ratio: 9.94

Forward PE Ratio: 33.88

ARK has been notably bullish on Square Inc. (SQ), a financial services and mobile payment company. While specific details about ARK’s investment in Square may vary over time due to market fluctuations and portfolio adjustments, Square has been a significant holding in ARK’s portfolio. ARK has expressed confidence in Square’s potential for growth, particularly through its Cash App, which ARK believes could become a leading global consumer financial services provider.

Price to Book Ratio: 2.66

PEG Ratio: 240.39

PE Ratio: 13925.86

Price to Sales Ratio: 2.27

Forward PE Ratio: 18.95

ARK has been actively involved in investing in Roku Inc. (ROKU). According to SEC filings, ARK Investment Management LLC has periodically adjusted its holdings in Roku, indicating interest in the company. For instance, in December 2023, ARK reduced its stake in Roku by 12.7% during the third quarter of that year. Additionally, an SC 13G/A filing in January 2024 revealed that ARK Investment Management LLC held a 7.62% beneficial ownership in Roku Inc. While specific details about ARK’s current investment strategy and outlook for Roku may vary, these filings indicate ARK’s ongoing interest and activity in the company.

Price to Book Ratio: 3.92

PEG Ratio: NA

PE Ratio: NA

Price to Sales Ratio: 2.62

Forward PE Ratio: NA

ARK has shown interest in investing in Zoom Video Communications Inc. (ZM). In August 2023, Wood’s Ark Investment Management LLC funds acquired an additional 122,831 shares of Zoom, indicating a bullish stance on the company. Additionally, in June 2023, ARK funds purchased 53,958 shares of Zoom Video Communications, valued at $3.8 million. While specific details about ARK’s current investment strategy and outlook for Zoom may vary, these acquisitions suggest a positive sentiment toward the company.

Price to Book Ratio: 2.53

PEG Ratio: 21.41

PE Ratio: 32.11

Price to Sales Ratio: 4.48

Forward PE Ratio: 13.12

Wood is also known for her bullish predictions on Bitcoin’s price and has reiterated her belief that Bitcoin could reach $1.5 million by 2030. Wood’s optimistic outlook stems from her conviction in Bitcoin’s disruptive potential and its role as a hedge against inflation and currency debasement. She has previously stated that the base case for Bitcoin is $600,000, with a bullish case of $1.5 million by 2030. Wood’s predictions have drawn attention in the cryptocurrency space, with some investors closely monitoring her forecasts as they assess Bitcoin’s long-term potential. She continues to advocate for Bitcoin as a significant investment opportunity and a hedge against traditional financial risks.Bitcoin is currently priced above $60,000.

As a testament to her success, Wood has received numerous accolades and recognition for her contributions to the investment industry. She continues to actively manage ARK’s investment portfolios while also sharing her insights through various media appearances and presentations. She remains a key figure in the world of finance, admired for her innovative approach and dedication to disruptive technologies.

Throughout her career, Wood has demonstrated a keen ability to identify emerging trends and capitalize on them, leading to impressive returns for ARK’s investors. Despite occasional periods of volatility, she remains steadfast in her conviction about the long-term potential of innovation-driven companies. Wood’s influence extends beyond the financial world, as she is seen as a thought leader in innovation and technology investing.

Disclosure: Author had no positions in any of the above at the time the article was written.

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You can now SELL YOUR VOTES

by Fred Fuld III

I am surprised that there isn’t a law about this. There is a company that provides a vote exchange where you can buy or sell votes.

It is for shareholders of publicly traded companies. The company is called Shareholder Vote Exchange.

The service allows shareholders to sell the rights to the proxy votes of stocks in order to generate additional income.

Companies and activists are the usual buyers.

For example, if you own 1000 shares of Apple (AAPL), you could sell your voting rights for $187.44 to $9,372.00 per year, depending on various factors.

For 1000 shares of Disney (DIS), it would be $91.07 to $4,553.50.

You don’t need 1000 shares, You could sell your votes for 100 or 10 shares, or even 1 share.

For example, if you own 100 shares of Tesla (TSLA), your votes could be sold for anywhere between $22.37 to $1,118.55.

If you had 100 shares of Meta/Facebook (META), you might get $33.50 to $1,675.20 each year.

Here’s a summary of the Shareholder Vote Exchange:

What they do:

  • SVX enables shareholders to buy, sell, and trade their voting rights for upcoming company meetings on their online platform. This allows passive investors who are not interested in voting to monetize their votes, while also giving activist investors and companies a way to acquire additional voting power.

Key features:

  • Unique auction system: SVX uses a proprietary auction system designed to optimize value for both vote sellers and buyers.
  • Integration with major brokers: The platform is integrated with major brokers like Schwab and Vanguard,making it easy for shareholders to participate.
  • Regulatory compliance: SVX’s auctions comply with all applicable state and federal regulations, ensuring transparency and investor protection.

Benefits for shareholders:

  • Monetize voting rights: Shareholders can earn cash for their votes, even if they are not interested in voting themselves.
  • Increase liquidity: The SVX platform provides a market for votes, which can make it easier for shareholders to buy and sell them.
  • Participate in corporate governance: Shareholders can use the platform to express their views on important company matters, even if they cannot attend shareholder meetings in person.

Current status:

  • SVX is a relatively new company, but it has already attracted a significant amount of interest from investors and the media.
  • The company is currently in the process of expanding its operations and adding new features to its platform.

Potential impact:

  • SVX has the potential to revolutionize the way shareholder voting works. By making it easier for shareholders to buy and sell their votes, the platform could increase shareholder participation in corporate governance and make it more difficult for companies to ignore the interests of their investors.

Now with votes for political candidates, it is illegal to buy or sell a vote, according to 18 U.S. Code § 597 – Expenditures to influence voting.

But that hasn’t stopped people from trying.

Back in the year 2000, some people tried to sell their votes on eBay (EBAY).

Anyway, it will be interesting to see what happens with these shareholder votes.

Disclosure: Author is long AAPL, DIS, and EBAY, and is short TSLA.

Should You Invest in Convertible Bonds?

by Fred Fuld III

A convertible bond (often referred to as a convertible note or a convertible debenture) is a type of corporate bond that gives the bondholder the option to convert the bond into a predetermined number of the issuing company’s common stock or other securities, typically at a predetermined conversion price. In simpler terms, it is a bond that can be converted into shares of stock.

Do not confuse convertible bonds with convertible preferred stocks, which are a completely different type of security, and the subject of another article.

Here’s how a convertible bond works:

  1. Issuance: The company issues the convertible bond to investors, typically at a fixed interest rate and with a maturity date.
  2. Bondholder receives interest payments: Similar to regular bonds, the bondholder receives periodic interest payments (coupon payments) based on the bond’s face value and the fixed interest rate.
  3. Conversion option: The bondholder has the right, but not the obligation, to convert the bond into a specified number of shares of the issuing company’s stock. The conversion price is the predetermined price at which the bond can be converted into stock.
  4. Stock price appreciation: If the company’s stock price rises above the conversion price, the bondholder can convert the bond into stock and potentially benefit from the stock’s price appreciation.

Advantages of convertible bonds:

  1. Potential for capital appreciation: Convertible bonds offer the potential for investors to benefit from an increase in the issuing company’s stock price. If the stock price rises significantly, the bondholder can convert the bond and profit from the capital appreciation.
  2. Income generation: Before conversion, the bondholder receives regular interest payments, providing a steady income stream.
  3. Reduced downside risk: Unlike pure equity investments, convertible bondholders have a bond floor or a minimum value. If the company’s stock price declines, the bond retains some value as a fixed-income instrument.
  4. Priority: If the company goes out of business, the bondholders get paid off before the stockholders.

Disadvantages of convertible bonds:

  1. Lower coupon rates: Convertible bonds typically have lower coupon rates compared to regular bonds due to the additional value derived from the conversion feature. This means the bondholder may receive lower interest income compared to non-convertible bonds with similar risk profiles.
  2. Dilution risk: When bondholders convert their bonds into equity, new shares are issued, which can dilute the ownership stakes of existing shareholders.
  3. Limited potential upside: While convertible bondholders can benefit from stock price appreciation, the conversion feature may limit their potential gains compared to holding the company’s stock outright.
  4. Interest rate sensitivity: Convertible bond prices can be sensitive to changes in interest rates. If interest rates rise, the value of the bond may decline, affecting its attractiveness to investors.
  5. Liquidity: They can be illiquid, with most not traded on any exchange. Not all brokers offer them.

It’s important to note that the specific terms and features of convertible bonds can vary, so investors should carefully review the bond’s prospectus.

Tesla (TSLA) issued 2.00% Convertible Senior Notes due May 15, 2024. The bonds, which were issued in 2019, had an Initial Conversion Price of approximately $309.83 per share of Common Stock and an Initial Conversion Rate of 3.2276 shares of Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes.

Since that time, Tesla had a three for one stock split in 2022, so based on the prospectus, it appears that the conversion rate would be adjusted.

It is very difficult to find these bonds or even get a price.

The utility Southern Company (SO) issued its Series 2023A 3.875% Convertible Senior Notes due December 15, 2025.

Interest on the Convertible Notes will be paid semiannually at a rate of 3.875% per annum.  The Convertible Notes will have an initial conversion rate of 11.8818 shares of Southern Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes

PPL Capital Funding, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PPL Corporation (PPL), issued 2.875% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2028.

The notes will be senior, unsecured obligations of PPL Capital Funding and will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior, unsecured basis by PPL Corporation. The notes will bear interest at a rate of 2.875% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on September 15, 2023. The notes will mature on March 15, 2028, unless earlier exchanged, redeemed or repurchased.

The notes will be exchangeable at an initial exchange rate of 29.3432 shares of PPL Corporation’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes.

General Motors (GM) issued a mini-convertible bond at $25 par value. The General Motors, 5.25% Series B Convertible Senior Debentures due 3/5/2032 have a conversion rate of 0.3852. It appears that the bonds were formally exchange listed but have since been delisted, and from what I can tell, it appears that the bond interest payments have been suspended.

If you are considering converting a portion of your portfolio to convertibles, beware of the risks, and lack of liquidity.

Top 5 Pure Play AI Stocks

By Fred Fuld III

You’ve seen it on TV, you’ve read about it on news websites. Artificial Intelligence, commonly referred to as AI, is now the hottest industry. Stocks that are involved in this industry are taking off.

I originally wrote about a form of artificial intelligence back in October of 2021 in an article called The Future of Artificial Intelligence: Can You Invest In It Now?

So you may be wondering what companies are the purest plays.

WHAT AI IS

Artificial Intelligence, or AI for short, refers to the ability of machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem solving, and decision-making. AI algorithms are designed to analyze data, recognize patterns, and make predictions or recommendations based on that analysis.

In other words, AI is a way to teach machines to perform tasks that would normally require human intelligence, and to improve their performance over time based on the data they analyze. This technology has the potential to revolutionize many aspects of our lives, from healthcare to transportation to entertainment. AI is even being used to write articles and books.

WHAT CHAT AI IS

One of the most popular types of AI services is Chat AI. 

Chat AI refers to the use of artificial intelligence technologies, such as natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning, to enable machines to communicate with humans via chat interfaces, such as chatbots or virtual assistants.

Chat AI is used in a variety of settings, such as customer service, where chatbots can be used to answer frequently asked questions, provide information, or help customers troubleshoot issues. Chat AI can also be used in healthcare to provide personalized support and advice, in education to assist with learning, and in business to streamline operations and improve customer engagement.

The key advantage of Chat AI is that it enables organizations to provide 24/7 support to their customers, without the need for human intervention. Additionally, Chat AI can help organizations save costs by automating routine tasks and reducing the need for human labor.

To enable effective Chat AI, developers must ensure that the algorithms are capable of understanding and interpreting natural language, as well as providing appropriate responses to user queries. This requires a combination of NLP and machine learning techniques, as well as ongoing training and improvement of the chat AI system.

Overall, Chat AI is an increasingly popular technology that has the potential to transform the way we interact with machines and automate routine tasks in various industries.

CREATING IMAGES WITH AI

Yes, artificial intelligence is now being used to create images, such as book covers, logos, album covers, and many other purposes. You just need to type in a simple description, and a picture will automatically be created. One of the most popular AI image services is called DALL-E.

DALL-E is an artificial intelligence system developed by OpenAI that is capable of generating images from textual descriptions. The name “DALL-E” is a combination of the artist Salvador Dali and the Pixar character Wall-E.

The DALL-E system uses a combination of machine learning techniques, including natural language processing and computer vision, to interpret textual descriptions and generate corresponding images. It is capable of creating images of objects and scenes that do not exist in the real world, such as a teapot made of giraffe or a snail-shaped harp.

THE BIG PLAYERS

The DALL-E system was trained on a dataset of text-image pairs, which enabled it to learn the relationship between textual descriptions and their corresponding visual representations. The system was trained on a massive amount of data, including images from the internet and text descriptions from a variety of sources.

The potential applications of DALL-E are numerous, including in the fields of art, design, and advertising. It has the potential to streamline the creative process and help artists and designers bring their ideas to life more quickly and easily. However, there are also concerns about the potential misuse of this technology, such as the creation of fake images or the propagation of harmful stereotypes.

First, let’s get the large stocks out of the way. There are many companies involved in AI, ranging from startups to large corporations. However, some of the biggest companies involved in AI are:

Google (GOOG) (GOOGL) is known for its search engine, but it’s also heavily invested in AI, with products like Google Assistant, Google Photos, and Google Translate all utilizing machine learning.

Amazon (AMZN) is using AI in many areas, such as its recommendation engine, its Alexa voice assistant, and its Amazon Go stores, which use computer vision to enable a checkout-free shopping experience.

Microsoft (MSFT) has been investing heavily in AI and has developed several AI-powered products, including Cortana, Skype Translator, and Microsoft Cognitive Services.

IBM (IBM) has a long history of developing AI technologies, and its Watson platform is one of the most well-known examples of AI in action.

Meta/Facebook (META) uses AI in a variety of ways, including facial recognition technology for tagging photos and content moderation.

Apple (AAPL) has been incorporating AI into many of its products, including Siri and Face ID.

NVIDIA (NVDA) is a leading manufacturer of GPUs, which are essential for training and running AI models.

Baidu (BIDU) is a Chinese search engine that is heavily investing in AI, with projects ranging from self-driving cars to voice recognition.

Tesla (TSLA) is using AI in its autonomous driving technology and is working to develop a fully self-driving car.

Alibaba (BABA), the Chinese e-commerce company, is investing in AI to improve its recommendation engine and other areas of its business.

THE PURE PLAYS

Now let’s get to the purer plays in artificial intelligence.

C3.AI

C3.ai, Inc. (AI) is a software company, located in Redwood City, California, that provides enterprise AI solutions for a variety of industries, including energy, healthcare, and finance. The company was founded in 2009 by Dr. Thomas M. Siebel, who is also the CEO of the company.

Before founding C3.ai, Dr. Siebel was the founder and CEO of Siebel Systems, a leading enterprise software company that was acquired by Oracle Corporation in 2006. After the acquisition, Dr. Siebel focused on developing AI-based solutions for the enterprise market and founded C3.ai.

Initially, C3.ai focused on developing predictive maintenance and energy management solutions for the energy industry. The company’s first product, C3 Energy Management, was designed to help utilities optimize their energy generation and distribution systems using machine learning algorithms.

Over time, C3.ai expanded its focus to other industries, including healthcare, financial services, and manufacturing. The company’s current product offerings include C3 AI Suite, which is a platform that enables organizations to develop and deploy AI applications, and C3.ai Ex Machina, which is an AI-powered data science platform for data scientists and developers.

C3.ai has received funding from several prominent investors, including Breyer Capital, TPG Growth, and the Rise Fund. In December 2020, the company went public on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “AI,” raising $651 million in its initial public offering.

The stock has a market capitalization of $2.45 billion. This debt-free company has $6.76 in cash per share.

SOUNDHOUND AI

SoundHound AI, Inc. (SOUN) is a Silicon Valley-based technology company that specializes in developing sound recognition and voice-enabled AI solutions. The company was founded in 2005 by Dr. Keyvan Mohajer, who is also the CEO of the company.

Initially, the company started as a music recognition app called “Midomi,” which allowed users to hum or sing a song, and the app would identify the song. Later on, the company expanded its focus to voice-enabled AI technology and changed its name to SoundHound Inc.

In 2015, SoundHound Inc. launched its flagship product, Hound, which is an AI-powered voice assistant. Hound uses a natural language processing (NLP) technology that enables users to speak complex and specific queries in a conversational manner. The Hound voice assistant is available as a mobile app and can be integrated into other devices and applications.

In addition to Hound, SoundHound AI, Inc. also offers a suite of AI-based products and services, including sound recognition technologies for speech-to-text and music identification, and voice-enabled AI solutions for automotive, hospitality, and other industries.

The company has received funding from several prominent investors, including NVIDIA, Samsung, and Tencent Holdings. By 2021, SoundHound AI, Inc. had raised over $250 million in funding.

SoundHound has a market cap of $580 million. The company is debt-free and quarterly sales increased by over 79% year-over-year.

BIGBEAR.AI

BigBear.ai Holdings, Inc. (BBAI) is a technology company that develops and provides artificial intelligence (AI) solutions for defense and intelligence organizations, as well as for commercial customers. The company was founded in 2018 and is headquartered in Reston, Virginia.

BigBear.ai’s technology solutions use AI and machine learning to help customers make sense of large and complex data sets, as well as to automate decision-making processes. The company’s AI-driven solutions are designed to improve situational awareness, increase operational efficiency, and support decision-making across a range of industries and applications.

The company’s solutions cover a range of capabilities, including computer vision, natural language processing, and data analytics. BigBear.ai’s solutions are used in a variety of applications, such as intelligence analysis, threat detection, predictive maintenance, and supply chain optimization.

BigBear.ai has a broad customer base that includes government agencies and commercial customers in various industries. The company has received funding from several venture capital firms, including Riverside Partners, Chart National, and Blu Venture Investors.

In 2021, BigBear.ai announced that it had entered into a definitive agreement to merge with GigCapital4, a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC), in a deal that valued the combined company at $1.57 billion. The merger was completed in August 2021, and the combined company is now publicly traded on the NASDAQ under the ticker symbol “BBAI” as “BigBear.ai”.

This debt-free company has a market cap of $458 million. 

T STAMP

T Stamp Inc. (IDAI) is an identity authentication software company that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to develop solutions for government, enterprise partners, and peer-to-peer markets in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Malta.

T Stamp’s AI-powered solutions leverage biometric science, cryptography, and data mining to deliver identity and trust predictions, protect sensitive user information, and extend the reach of digital services through global accessibility. The company’s solutions include converting biometric and other identifying data into an Irreversibly Transformed Identity Token that serves as a secure tokenized identity. T Stamp also offers solutions for privacy and data protection, document validation, identity verification, geolocation, duplicate detection, and biometric capture.

T Stamp’s solutions serve a variety of industries, including banking/fintech, humanitarian and development services, KYC/AML compliance, government and law enforcement, P2P transactions, social media, and sharing economy, and real estate, travel, and healthcare. The company was incorporated in 2016 and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.

Overall, T Stamp’s mission is to provide secure and scalable identity authentication solutions that leverage AI and advanced technologies to protect user privacy and combat identity fraud.

This is a microcap stock with an extremely low market cap of $18 million, and should therefore be considered extremely speculative. 

MARPAI

Marpai, Inc. (MRAI) is a software company that specializes in developing and deploying artificial intelligence (AI) systems for the enterprise market. The company was founded in 2016 by a team of experienced entrepreneurs and AI researchers, including CEO and Co-founder Mark Sears.

Marpai’s platform, called “Cortex,” is designed to help businesses leverage AI to automate processes, extract insights from data, and improve decision-making. Cortex uses advanced machine learning algorithms to analyze large amounts of data and provide actionable insights to users.

The company has received funding from prominent venture capital firms, including Bain Capital Ventures, Crosslink Capital, and SVB Capital, among others. In May 2021, Marpai announced that it had raised $30 million in a Series A funding round led by M12, Microsoft’s venture fund, with participation from other investors.

Marpai has a range of customers across different industries, including finance, healthcare, and retail. The company’s solutions are used for a variety of applications, such as fraud detection, customer service automation, and supply chain optimization.

Overall, Marpai’s mission is to democratize AI and make it more accessible to businesses of all sizes, by providing a scalable and user-friendly platform for deploying AI solutions.

The stock is debt-free and quarterly revenue growth year-over-year was 28.8%. This is another microcap stock with an extremely low market cap of $40 million, and should therefore also be considered extremely speculative.

AI SUMMARY

According to Fortune Business Insights, “The Artificial Intelligence market is projected to grow from $387.45 billion in 2022 to $1394.30 billion by 2029, at a CAGR of 20.1%.”

Just remember, that there are many ups and downs in new industries, and all the pure play stocks in this list should be considered speculative. Remember, no recommendations are expressed or implied. 

If you want to learn more about artificial intelligence, you should get the book Artificial Intelligence: What AI Is and How You Can Use It to Make Your Life Easier: A Guide to AI for Beginners, available in both paperback and Kindle.

Disclosure: Author didn’t own any of the above at the time the article was written, although may be making purchases in the near future. This article contains Amazon affiliate links whereby I would receive a small commission on any sale through those links at no additional cost to you. 

Elon Musk Going Ahead with Buying Twitter: Stock Spikes

Do you remember back in April when Elon Musk, the head of Tesla (TSLA) said that he was buying Twitter (TWTR) at $54.20 per share?

by Fred Fuld III

Do you remember back in April when Elon Musk, the head of Tesla (TSLA) said that he was buying Twitter (TWTR) at $54.20 per share?

However, Musk attempted to back out of the agreement, primarily giving a reason of too many fake Twitter accounts.

But Twitter sued Musk in court for performance, requesting that he go through with the deal.

According to sources, Musk has decided to move forward with the takeover of Twitter.

This happened just shortly before a deposition was taken of Musk by Twitter lawyers.

The news caused Twitter to spike in price today, closing at $52 per share, up $9.14 or 22.24%. In after-market trading, the stock dropped a little from its close, falling 70 cents.

This transaction will cost Elon Musk $44 billion.

Disclosure: Author did not own any of the above at the time the article was written.

11 Ways to Make Money in a Bear market

by Fred Fuld III

No matter which way you measure it, we are in a bear market. If you want to profit from falling markets stock prices, there are several ways to do so.

Many strategies are available to profit from a bear market and a stock market crash, some of which are speculative, and some that don’t have much risk. It doesn’t matter what your account size is, there are ways to protect yourself, and even profit on the downside. Here are some of those techniques.

1. Sell a Vertical Call Option Spread

This strategy is a little complicated, but I listed it first, because it is one of the least risky, since your losses are limited, unlike most of the other techniques listed here. In addition, I listed it at the beginning, because I use this trading technique all the time.

If you are familiar with options, then selling a vertical call spread is a great way to make money when a stock drops while protecting yourself if the stock goes up. (This happens to be my favorite strategy.)

This involves shorting an out of the money call option and buying a further out of the money call option at the same time. If the stock drops or stays the same, you make money from the short call which exceeds the loss on the long call. If the stock goes up to the strike price of the short call, you still make a profit. It is only when the stock rises above the strike price of the short call that you begin losing money.

To make it simple, here is an example:

Stock is at 50

Sell (short)  one call with a strike price of 51 for 3 (an option that is trading at 3 means $300)

Buy one call with a strike price of 52 for 1 ($100)

If the stock drops to 45, the 51 call drops to $0 and you make $300 because you shorted it, and the 52 call drops to $0 losing $100 because you own or were long it, netting you a profit of $200.

If the stock rises from 50 to 100, you lose $4900 on the 51 call that you shorted, but you make $4800 on the one that you bought, so you only lose $100.

Generally, you want to use options that expire in 40 to 60 days, and close out your position in 15 to 25 days.

Disadvantages of the selling a vertical call spread
  • Your profit is limited
  • You need approval from your broker to do option spreads
  • Both legs of the spread need to be placed simultaneously (easy to do with most trading platforms)
  • May need to wait 25 or 30 days to see a profit

2. Shorting Stocks

This is one of the most speculative ways of making money in a bear market. In simple terms, you make money when the stock goes down and you lose money when the stock goes up. What technically happens is that you borrow the shares and immediately sell them (this all is done electronically through your brokerage firm) and since you owe those shares, you eventually have to buy them back at some price, hopefully a lower price, in order to return those shares. The difference between your sale price and eventual purchase price is your profit (or loss, if you buy back at a higher price).

Can you make a lot of money shorting stocks in a bear market? Yes. Is it speculative? Very. Can you lose a lot? Most definitely. This is why it is so risky. When you short a stock, the lowest point it can drop to is zero. Whereas, if the stock goes up, the amount it can rise is unlimited. Let’s say you short 100 shares of a stock at $20 a share. If you put up funds equal to 100% of the value of the shorted amount, and the stock drops to zero, you’ve made a 100% return. However, suppose the stock goes from 20 to 100, you end up losing 400% of your money with lots of margin calls along the way. This is called a short squeeze. But even on a short term basis, an investor can lose money very fast.

Unfortunately for those who do their trading in retirement accounts, such as IRAs, shorting stocks is not allowed.

So in summery, do I think you should short stocks? Absolutely not, unless you are a professional trader. The risk is almost infinite. If you understand options real well, hedged short selling might be OK (see the next strategy), as long as you are an advanced trader, and know what you’re doing.

3. Hedged Short Selling

Hedged short selling is a strategy whereby you short a stock and at the same time, you buy a close-to-the-money call option. That way, if the stock shoots up, you are protected with the call option. If the stock drops, you will lose what you paid for the option, but you will make money on your short stock position.

Example: you short 100 shares of a stock that is currently trading at 50 (so you short $5000 in stock), and you buy a call option with a strike price of 52 for 1 ($100).

The stock goes to 40. You make $1000 from the stock dropping from 50 to 40, and you lose the $100 you paid for the call option, with a net profit of $900.

The stock stays the same at 50. You don’t make any money on the short sale fo the stock and you lose $100 on the call option for a net loss of $100.

The stock goes up to 60. You lose $1000 on the short stock, but the value of the call option will increase from 1 to 10 ($100 to $1000), netting $900 on the difference, for an overall loss of $100.

In other words, in the example above, you can only lose $100, if the stock stays the same or goes up, but if the stock drops, the profit can be substantial.

Actually, to be more accurate, if the stock goes to 51 and stays there, you will lose $100 on the short stock sale and $100 on the call option, for a total maximum loss of $200. Even still, it may be worth the small loss in case you are wrong about a bear market.

Disadvantages of the hedged short selling
  • You need approval from your broker to short stock and buy options
  • Both positions should be placed simultaneously (easy to do with most trading platforms)

4. Short (Bearish) ETFs

The Exchange Traded Fund known as the Bearish ETF or Short ETF is another option. What these ETFs do is provide a return opposite to the return of the index, sector, or industry that it is tracking.

For example, the Short Dow30 ProShares (DOG) provides a return that is the inverse of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. If the Dow goes down 2%, the DOG is expected to up 2%. The Short QQQ ProShares (PSQ) ETF gives a return that is the inverse of the NASDAQ 100 Index.

The nice thing about these short ETFs is that your losses are limited. Also, if you are long individual stocks that you don’t want to sell, these can be good for protecting your overall portfolio on the downside.

5. Leveraged Bearish ETFs

If you like volatility, you will love the leveraged bearish ETFs. What these ETFs do is provide double, and in some cases triple the inverse return of indices.Some examples include the UltraShort Consumer Services ProShares (SCC) and the ProShares UltraShort S&P S&P 500 (SDS).

In addition there are several triple leveraged bearish ETFs. Direxion Daily MCSI Real Estate Bear 3X Shares (DRV), Direxion Daily Energy Bear 2X Shares (ERY), and ProShares UltraPro Short Russell 2000 (SRTY) are just a few of the many leveraged bearish ETFs.

The volatility of these ETFs is substantial, and so are the wide bid and asked spreads that I’ve seen occasionally.

The advantage of these trading vehicles is that they are a way of shorting on margin, with a limit on the downside. The disadvantage is that the losses can be quick and large, especially with the triple leverage short ETFs.

6. Bear Funds

It may be hard to believe, but there are actually a large number of bearish mutual funds for the long term bearish investors. These include the Grizzly Short Fund (GRZZX), the PIMCO StocksPlus TR Short Strategy Institutional Fund (PSTIX), and the ProFunds Bear Investors Fund (BRPIX). These funds have minimum investments ranging from $1,000 to $5,000,000.

7. Puts

First, a little about option pricing.  Puts and calls are priced on a per share basis, so a put at $1 would cost $100 for a 100 share option, or a call at $3.50 would cost $350.

A put is the option to put your stock to someone at a particular price within a certain period of time. In other words, if you own a stock that is trading at 22 and you buy a put at a dollar which gives you the right to put your stock to someone at $20 per share within three months, there are a couple of things that could happen. The stock could tank to $14 a share and you could put your stock at 20, or just resell the put for 6 (the difference between 14 and 20) and collecting the profit. You would be far better off than just doing nothing. And if the stock goes up or stays about the same, you are just out your $100 for the option. Puts can be useful for experienced traders.

8. Cash

There is another way to make money in a bear market. Sell everything, and keep your money in cash, with the safest way being a T-bill money market fund, that only owns T-bills. (Money market funds that invest in repos are supposed to be just as safe, but I consider them slightly more risky than T-bills.) The advantages are that you can’t lose money and you can receive an income from the investment.

The alternative cash investment is putting your money in a bank certificate of deposit or savings account. Your money is safe up to the FDIC limits, but the interest rate will be very low.

9. Anti ETFs (Bearish ETF of Popular Bullish ETFs)

The Anti-ETF is a new investment vehicle that has cropped up recently. The goal of these ETFs is to provide the reverse return of another popular actively managed exchange traded fund, as opposed to the bearish ETF which attempt to track the inverse of an index, like the ProShares Short S&P500 ETF (SH).

The most popular is the Tuttle Capital Short Innovation ETF (SARK), which has a goal of achieving the inverse of the return of the popular ARK Innovation ETF (ARKK) managed by Cathie Wood.

10. Anti Stocks (Bearish Single Stock ETFs)

Maybe there is a stock you want to short, but you don’t qualify for an account that allows shorting. Or maybe you want to short a stock in a retirement plan, such as an IRA. If you want to short a particular stock, such as Tesla, Nvidia, Paypal, Pfizer, or Nike (the AXS 2X NKE Bull Daily ETF (NKEL) would have been a good one today as it was down 12% today 9/30/22), there are ETFs which have a goal of returning the opposite return of a particular stock.

11. Series I Bonds

If you think the bear market will last for a year or more, Series I bonds are the way to go. These bonds never drop in value and currently pay 9.62%. Plus, they are backed by the U.S. Government. For more information on these bonds, check out the article Series I Bonds Now Paying over 9%.

There are obviously additional risks involved with shorting stock and options, which you need to delve into with your broker before utilizing those strategies. If we are in a bear market, hopefully you can protect your portfolio and make some money on the downside.

Author does not own any of the above mentioned securities.